Michael R. Carroll and John R. Holloway, editors
1994, i-xviii + 517 pages. ISBN 0-939950-36-7; ISBN13 978-0-939950-36-2
Volume 30: Volatiles in Magmas
Description
Volatile components, by which we mean those magma constituents which typically prefer to occur in the gaseous or super-critical fluid state, may influence virtually every aspect of igneous petrology. The study of volatile-bearing systems, both in nature and in the laboratory, has far exceeded the relative abundances of these components in igneous rocks, yet in many ways the words of Bowen (1928) are still broadly applicable:
” … to many petrologists a volatile component is exactly like a Maxwell demon; it does just what one may wish it to do.” (Bowen, 1928, p. 282)
What we hope to show in this volume are some areas of progress in understanding the behavior of magmatic volatiles and their influence on a wide variety of geological phenomena; in doing this it also becomes apparent that there remain many questions outstanding. The range of topics we have tried to cover is broad, going from atomisticscale aspects of volatile solubility mechanisms and attendant effects on melt physical properties, to the chemistry of volcanic gases and the concentrations of volatiles in magmas, to the global geochemical cycles of volatiles. The reader should quickly see that much progress has been made since Bowen voiced his concerns about Maxwell demons, but like much scientific progress, answers to old questions have prompted even greater numbers of new questions.
The Voltiles in Magmas course was organized and transpired at the Napa Valley Sheraton Hotel in California, December 2-4, 1994, just prior to the Fall Meetings of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco.
Michael R. Carroll, Bristol, United Kingdom
John R. Holloway, Tempe, Arizona, USA
Table of Contents
Title Page
p. i
Copyright
p. ii
Foreword, & Editors’ Introduction
p. iii
Dedication to C. Wayne Burnham
p. iv
Table of Contents
p. vii
Chapter 1. Volcanic-Gas Studies: Methods, Results, and Applications
by Robert B. Symonds, William I. Rose, Gregg J. S. Bluth, and Terrence M. Gerlach, p. 1 – 66
Chapter 2. Analytical Methods for Volatiles in Glasses
by Phillip D. Ihinger, Richard L. Hervig, and Paul F. McMillan, p. 67 – 122
Chapter 3. Development of the Burnham Model for Prediction of H2O Solubility in Magmas
by C. Wayne Burnham, p. 123 – 130
Chapter 4. Water Solubility and Speciation Models
by Paul F. McMillan, p. 131 – 156
Chapter 5. Experimental Studies of Carbon Dioxide in Silicate Melts: Solubility, Speciation, and Stable Carbon Isotope Behavior
by Jennifer G. Blank, and Richard A. Brooker, p. 157 – 186
Chapter 6. Application of Experimental Results to C-O-H Species in Natural Melts
by John R. Holloway and Jennifer G. Blank, p. 187 – 230
Chapter 7. Solubilities of Sulfur, Noble Gases, Nitrogen, Chlorine, and Fluorine in Magmas
by Michael R. Carroll and James D. Webster, p. 231 – 280
Chapter 8. Pre-Eruptive Volatile Contents of Magmas
by Marie C. Johnson, Alfred T. Anderson, Jr., and Malcolm J. Rutherford, p. 281 – 330
Chapter 9. The Effect of H2O, CO2 and F on the Density and Viscosity of Silicate Melts
by Rebecca A. Lange, p. 331 – 370
Chapter 10. Diffusion in Volatile-Bearing Magmas
by E. Bruce Watson, p. 371 – 412
Chapter 11a. Physical Aspects of Magmatic Degassing I. Experimental and Theoretical Constraints on Vesiculation
by R. Stephen J. Sparks, Jenni Barclay, Claude Jaupart, Heidy M. Mader, and J. C. Phillips, p. 413 – 446
Chapter 11b. Physical Aspects of Magmatic Degassing II. Constraints on Vesiculation Processes from Textural Studies of Eruptive Products
by Katherine V. Cashman, and Margaret T. Mangan, p. 447 – 478
Chapter 12. Earth Degassing and Large-Scale Geochemical Cycling of Volatile Elements
by Albert Jambon, p. 479 – 518